Mussel genome map enhances production and resistance

Complete genetic blueprint supports blue mussel breeding programmes, disease resistance and marine ecosystem conservation.

The high-quality genome map identifies over 65,000 genes, providing a comprehensive blueprint of the mussel's genetic makeup. This development is particularly important for the aquaculture industry, which relies on efficient and sustainable breeding practices to meet the growing demand for mussels.

In Prince Edward Island, Canada, where the world’s only commercial mussel hatchery exists, this information will allow farmers to select mussels with desirable traits. For instance, the new data will enable farmers to breed mussels with stronger byssus threads, which are crucial for the mussels to attach securely to ropes, ensuring a more stable yield. Additionally, the genomic insights will help in selecting mussels that grow faster and produce more meat, enhancing overall productivity for mussel farms.

The mapped genome allows scientists to study the immune responses of different mussel populations, leading to targeted breeding programmes that enhance disease resistance. The research team says this will reduce losses due to illness and improve the health and sustainability of mussel populations, and the research not only benefits commercial aquaculture, but also contributes to the conservation of wild mussel populations by ensuring their health and genetic diversity.

Blue mussels can spread and establish themselves in non-native regions, affecting local ecosystems. Accessing detailed genomic data will enable scientists to track and mitigate the impact of these invasive populations, preserving the balance of marine environments. In the coming months, the research team plans to explore the genetic diversity of blue mussels in Scotland, leveraging the complete genome map for more detailed analyses.

This research was published in the G3 Genes, Genomes, Genetics journal. The project was funded by Genome Canada, and carried out in close collaboration with Atlantic Aqua Farms.

Article source: The Roslin Institute